Is The Theory of Evolution A Source of
Racism and Evil? A Very Brief Look at Some of The Impact The Theory Has Had
The Darwin sycophants who frequent talk.origins generally insist quite
vehemently that Darwin's theory of evolution had nothing whatsoever to do with
the first or second world wars, nor the Nazis and the Holocaust, nor the mass
and institutionalised murder of disabled Germans, nor even the post-war
sterilization projects carried out in many countries, including even perceived
'liberal,' countries such as Sweden. The general argument appears to be that
people have always been bad, racist, nasty to Jews, and have always had it in
for the disabled, and that consequently the theory of evolution has had nothing
whatsoever to do with a long list of 20th century horrors.
Well, that's rubbish. If any of these Darwin sycophants took the time to read
some history books about turn of the century Europe, and Germany in the first
half of the 20th century in particular, they would discover that it is the
orthodox historical position, that the theory of evolution played a part in
inspiring people to racism, murder, and war.
We tend to forget this, because our elites do not think this way any more,
but there was a time when people applied Darwin's theory of evolution to people,
dubbed Social Darwinism. It was in ' the 1870s and 1880s that Social Darwinism
spread throughout the western industrialised world, where it exerted a
considerable influence, before reaching it apogee in the radical racialist
theories of National Socialism ( the Nazis).' (1)
An example of the voluminous literature devoted to popularizng Social
Darwinism from the turn of the century period, is the great literary success of
1913 written by Geberal Bernhardi called Vom Heutigen Kriege, which ' expounded
the thesis that war was a biological necessity and a convenient means of ridding
the world of the unfit. These views were not confined to a lunatic fringe, but
won wide acceptance especially among journalists, academics and politicians.'(2)These
views went right to the top, and the German Chancellor at the outbreak of WW1
Bethmann-Hollweg, ' shared the wide spread belief in middle class circles that a
conflict between Slav and Teuton was inevitable.'(3)
The Kaiser ( German monarch at outbreak of WW1) is also reported to have had a
conversation with the Swiss ambassador in 1912, and to have excitedly talked of
the coming 'racial war,' for survival with the Slavs. The Kaiser is reported to
have made other similar comments in other discussions in different times and
places. This widespread and complacent attitude that war was inevitable,
natural, and beneficial in weeding out the inferior races, is generally cited as
one of the many causes of the first world war by careful authors. An American
Colonel House was appalled by the attitude of resigned complacency and
bellicosity he saw when he visited Europe in 1913, and which was to a very large
extent the fault of Darwin's writings. Further evidence of how seriously Social
Darwinism was taken at the turn of the century, is provided by the propaganda
issued by the Pan-German league and other groups within Germany.
The distinguished German historian Wehler has also written (4)
that Social Darwinism 'banished hopes for a more open society and put the fixed
laws of an anti-egalitarian system of social aristocracy in its place. Its
functional significance lay in the fact that it enabled ruling elites to appear
compatible with progress, while providing a justification for the immutability
of the status quo. At the same time it, it allowed the emancipatory aspirations
of the workers or colonial peoples to be dismissed as the futile protestations
of inferior subjects in the struggle for existence. Vested with an aura of
'irrefutable' scientific knowledge, it was this versatility of application that
gave Social Darwinism its power in its very real connection with the ruling
interests. As an ideology it proved virtually ideal for justifying imperialism,
it was kept alive by a host of popularizers in the industrialised nations.'
Similar sentiments have been expressed by Hobsbawn in one of the most famous
books ever written on the 19th century. (5)
' As the type of Negro ( wrote the Anthropological review ) is foetal, so that
of the Mongol is infantile. And in strict accordance with this, we find that
their government, literature and art are infantile also. They are beardless
children whose life is a task and whose chief virtue consists in unquestioning
obedience ( in other words they are only good for slavery.)
Or, as a Captain Osborn put it in a bluff navel way in 1860: ' Treat them as
children. Make them do what we know is for their benefit as well as our own, and
all difficulties in China are at an end.'
Other races were therefore ' inferior,' either because they represented an
earlier stage of biological evolution or of socio-cultural evolution, or both.
And their inferiority was proved because in fact the ' superior race,' was
superior by the criteria of its own society: technologically more advanced,
militarily more powerful, richer and more 'successful.' The argument was both
flattering and convenient - so convenient that the middle classes were inclined
to take it over from the aristocrats ( who had long fancied themselves as a
superior race ) for internal as well as international purposes: the poor were
only poor because they were biologically inferior and conversely, if citizens
belonged to ' lower races,' it was no wonder they stayed poor and backward....
Racism pervades the thought of our period to an extent hard to appreciate today,
and not always easy to understand. ( Why, for instance, the widespread horror of
miscegenation and the almost universal belief among whites that ' half-breeds,'
inherited precisely the worst features of their parent's races?) Apart from its
convenience as a legitimation of the rule of white over colored, rich over poor,
it is perhaps best explained as a mechanism by means of which a fundamentally
iegalitarian ideology ( Liberalism) rationalised its inequalities.......' Social
Darwinism,' and racist anthropology or biology belong not to the science of the
19th centruy but to its politics.'
Of course, modern day evolutionists rightly say Social Darwinism is
unreasonable ( they have to because of the hideous consequences and suffering
inflicted by its application ), and not a proper interpretation of the theory.
However, evolutionists are always saying two things.
1) That evolution using the mechanism of natural selection is a fact and not
a theory
2) Human beings are animals the product of evolution via natural selection
and nothing else ( i.e. no divine hand )
So...how can the evolutionists express surprise, and claim it is wrong to
apply Darwin's theory of evolution to humans? If assumptions 1 and 2 are
correct, it must be valid to apply it to humans. Morally we are repulsed by the
consequences of applying Social Darwinism, but scientifically given 1 and 2, it
is sound. Furthermore, Darwin himself became ' the first Social Darwinist when
he advanced the rise of the so called 'Aryan,' race in Europe, and particularly
the United States, as proof of the validity of his theories as applied to human
society. It could even be said he opened the way for the racialist
interpretation of Social Darwinism.' (8)
This strikes me as an understatement, Charles Darwin seemed quite upbeat and
positive about the elimination of inferior races in mass acts of genocide and
the beneficial effects this could have on the human race, 'At some future
period, not very distant as measured by centuries, the civilized races of man
will almost certainly exterminate, and replace, the savage races throughout the
world. At the same time, the anthropomorphous apes . . . will no doubt be
exterminated. The break between man and his nearest allies will then be wider,
for it will intervene between man in a more civilized state, as we may hope,
even than the Caucasian, and some ape as low as a baboon, instead of as now
between the negro [sic] or Australian and the gorilla. (9)
So Darwin clearly knew full well the use to which his theory would be put, and
he himself laid the ground for later generations of racists and murderers. If
nothing else, the use to which Malthus's observation on population growth had
been put, made clear the dangerous implications of unleashing pseudo-scientific
theories upon the public, that sought to explain human society in ' rational,'
and ' scientific,' terms. (10)
Of course as a thinking man Gould has correctly noted Social Darwinism led to
an increase in racism and racist attacks, on Blacks, Slavs, Jews and others,
'Biological arguments for racism may have been common before 1859, but they
increased by orders of magnitude following the acceptance of evolutionary
theory." (11)
But of course, under the Nazis the evil effects of Social Darwinism rose to new
institutionalised heights. Hitler was obsessed by race and the cultural
superiority of Germans. He greatly feared the superior German gene stock being
watered down by inferior ( as he saw it ) Jewish blood. Hence the Holocaust. He
also had tens of thousands of disabled or mixed race Germans murdered and / or
sterilised. The invasion of Russia which led to literally millions of deaths and
untold suffering, was launched for similar reasons. Hitler saw the Russians (
Slavs ) as a competing and inferior race, that the superior Germans should
eliminate and replace, using the captured territory as Lebensraum ( living
space). Once can hardly express in words the barbarity and evil of these deeds,
indeed it is pointless to try, but it is undeniable that the theory of evolution
played a very significant part in them. Many people forget / are in a state of
denial about, just how much the theory of evolution coloured Hitler's entire
world view. Ian Kershaw puts it eloquently, 'the Social Darwinist view of
history as a struggle between individual races with victory going to the
strongest, fittest and most ruthless, seems to have occupied its place at the
center of Hitler's world view by 1914-18 at the latest.' (12)A
pretty damming indictment of the effect the theory of evolution has had upon
human history if ever there was one, and if you click reference 12 you will find
equally damning direct quotations from Hitler.
Darwin's work has always been an important part of Marxist / Communism
ideology as well. Now don't misunderstand me, I socialism has certainly not been
all bad, a movement that has done much to improve the working conditions of
millions. But Marxism / Communism has brought massive suffering to millions,
something I am sure no reference is needed to prove, and the theory of evolution
with its God-less focus on survival has played its part in intellectually
justifying Communisum. Again spoiled for quotes, I chose ' Marx immediately
hailed Origin as ' the basis in natural science for our views.' (13)
Evolutionists often talk about the beauty and elegance of their theory, sure,
I'd like to see them explain that to some of the millions of victims of Social
Darwinism. One thing I know for sure, the theory of evolution is not at all nice
or pleasant. It may be easy for white Anglo-Saxon professors to say so, but the
victims of Social Darwinism be it through racism or otherwise, would, and this
is an understatement, no doubt find it hard to agree. That's assuming they are
still alive of course.
The basic problem with Social Darwinism is that it can be, and has been used
to provide intellectual support to a multitude of cruel and vicious policies.
Causes which have been justified by Social Darwinism include, slavery,
imperialism, racism, genocide, the Holocaust, Fascism, Communism , war, and not
helping the poor, to name but a few. Where previously there was no clear
intellectual justification for most of these causes, Darwin provided one, and
not only that, his justification had the backing of many reputable scientists of
his day. Which is the crucial point.
I would like to leave you with this thought. I have demonstrated to you that
evolutionists can not be trusted on questions concerning the historical
influence of the theory of evolution. If evolutionists lie on this point, how on
earth do you imagine we can trust them on more technical and abstract matters
associated with their precious theory, such as Haldane's dilemma etc?(14)
Could it be that not only has Darwin inflicted terrible suffering upon
millions, but even worse, he was wrong as well. A truly chilling thought.
What I learned in my preparation reading for this file
One of the things I discovered is that biologists in particular, but also
sociologists and historians appear to be in a state of denial about the dark
side of the theory and its historical impact. Which is why I based this file
upon quotations from general historical texts, because these books just try to
explain the way things were, the authors have no ideological obsession with
Darwinism or axe to grind as do specialist authors on the subject. Whenever a
book is specifically written about social Darwinism, the conclusion almost
always seems to be it was not Darwin's fault that his writings were perverted.
It is of course beyond all argument to anyone who cares to peruse the evidence,
that his theory did have a vicious, harmful, and violent historical impact upon
the development of human society. The 'perversion,' defence is the only possible
one to save Darwin's historical reputation. This is reflected in Richard
Hofstader's excellent book Social Darwinism in American Thought, and it
is a pity we have no comparable text for Europe. At the start of chapter 9 he
even mentions the Descent of Man quote about how Darwin expected white
men to go out into the world and exterminate black men, however he puts this
claim in print by Darwin down to 'carelessness.' In the conclusion chapter he
starts 'There was nothing in Darwinism that inevitably made it an apology for
competition or force.' This is ridiculous, since Darwin clearly did see his
theory as a justification for force, and if he considered this to be so, then
one can only expect others to think the same. How can one keep going through
Darwin's books and letters and selectively saying, well, he did not actually
mean that statement, or that one, or this one? This selective and dogmatic
blindness of almost all evolutionists underlies my opinion that Darwinism is not
and has never been science, but is in fact a religion. The refusal of Darwinists
to even accept the possibility that their god may have produced a nasty and
incorrect theory ( i.e. not been divine but human after all) underlines this
point. Put it like this anyway, the adherents of Darwinism look like, act like,
and talk like religious fanatics. What conclusion do you draw from that?
Response to talk.origins attacks on this file
1) People who have read a book or two by Gould seem to consider themselves
experts on evolution. And as a result, insist, because Gould does in an article
he wrote, that Social Darwinism had nothing to do with Darwin. These people can
parrot Gould ( biased secondary source ) all they want, the fact of the matter
is writings left behind as historical documents by Darwin ( primary sources ),
clearly show he was the first Social Darwinist. References 8 and 9 do prove
this, and there are other similar quotes I could have chosen. But if you don't
get the point from those two, you are obviously suffering from cognitive
dissonance and never will. Why is everyone so desperate not to draw the obvious
conclusion which all the evidence points towards? Darwin was a racist, whose
writings resulted in suffering for millions, as men such as Hitler formulated
and carried through on policies directly inspired by his theory. Historical
fact.
2) Some say, okay, I didn't realise Darwin was the first Social Darwinist,
but you still can't blame him for the Holocaust, and as a person he was not such
a bad guy. True, but as I stated, Malthus's observation on population was fairly
recent history when Darwin was writing, and unless you are going to claim Darwin
was a deeply stupid man, ( an opinion I certainly don't hold ), he must have
known the use his theory would be put to. Darwin's personal qualities also seem
irrelevant to me, Hitler was nice to his dog and mistress, so what? And also, it
strikes me that absolving Darwin for the crimes of other Social Darwinists, is
like Dr Frankenstein saying, ' That monster I created, the killing spree it has
gone on, well, it is nothing to do with me.'
3) My references, all taken from mainstream standard texts. The short history
of Germany I quote from is widely recognised as the world's leading general text
on Germany, for example.
Lastly, lets be clear about this, I have deliberately kept this file short,
if I had set my mind to it I could have produced something 5 times as long. So
given that I feel I have said just enough to demonstrate my case that Darwin WAS
a racist, that he did clearly anticipate the alleged 'perversion,' of his
theory, and his theory DID result in a lot of suffering ( the only question
being how much we can attribute to him, which is historically unanswerable with
precision), then although I hesitate to use the term, judged by its historical
impact it seems to me be quite reasonable to call Darwinism as much as anything
ever is in life, pure evil.
*Update* Daniel has written in my
guest book that ': It seems ridiculous that you believe it's impossible that
anyone might have any information that's new to you just because "1/9 of your
degree was devoted to the study of Germany." I actually found that line
amusing.' I just want to say I wish Daniel all the best in his academic studies,
and I hope he never has to do a real University course, because he does not
strike me as being up to the task. Anyone who has researched any subject in
depth, knows damned well that the authors just repeat each other, and copy each
other's errors. Point of fact, I may have read dozens of books on Germany, but
to be honest, you only really need to read 4/5 to take you up to 1944 quite
nicely. I do wish people posting to my guest book would at least show a
SEMBLANCE of basic intellectual ability.
1) p 179 The German Empire, Wehler,Hans-Ulrich.
2) p 205 A history of Germany 1815-1990 4th ed, Carr,W
Another German Champion of evolutionary thinking Ernst Haeckel in 1905 published
a book in 1905 on similar lines Der Kamkpf um den Entwicklungs-Gedanken ("The
Struggle over Evolutionary Thinking").
3) p 208 A history of Germany 1815-1990 4th ed, Carr,W
4) p 180 The German Empire, Wehler,Hans-Ulrich.
5)Hobsbawn, Eric. The Age Of Capital, 1977 ed. p.312
7)From his delivery of the 21st annual Richard Dimbleby
lecture on BBC1, and reported in the British national press.
8) p 179 The German Empire, Wehler,Hans-Ulrich, see
back of book for references on this
9) Charles Darwin, The Descent of Man (London: John
Murray, 1901), pp. 241-242.
10) Poor relief in England being cut back for
example, because logically ' if anything more than subsistence only breeds
misery for the mass of mankind, then baseline subsistence should determine
wages,' p373 Europe 1780-1830, Ford, F.L.
And also ' Some statesmen were now pondering doubts over the wisdom of
colonization, but no sooner had these ideas taken root that Malthus's gloomy
forecasts of overpopulation, published in 1798, began to point to a new use for
colonies.' The old Euopean Order, Oxford History, 2nd ed, Doyle,W. Basically it
was a jusitification for imperialism and cutting back on poor relief, and any
idiot could have predicted a similar fate for Darwin's theory of evolution.
12) Ian Kershaw, Hitler,Profiles in power series,
1991 ed, p21,
I also note Hitler had a tendency to use biological terms in his speeches,
calling Jews 'jerms,' for example. Furthermore read Mein Kamph ( my Struggle
).This link at time
of writing provides a link to an appropiate chapter.
And some direct quotations from Hitler for you to 'enjoy.'
Adolf Hitler, ' Um das Schicksal der Nation', in B. Dusik (ed.), Hitler.
Reden Schriften Anordnungen. Februar 1925 bis Januar 1933, vol. 2(2), Munich,
1992, Doc 245.
The main motivating forces of life are self-preservation and the safeguarding
of future generations, and the politics is none other than the struggle of
people for their existence. This urge to live is universal and governs the whole
nation. The urge to live must lead to conflict because it is insatiable, while
the basis of life, territory, is limited. Thus brutality rather than humanity is
the basis of life! Man has become master of the world through conflict and
continual struggle. It is not humanity, but rather rights based on strength and
the pre-eminence of power which have prevailed. But mankind is not a uniform and
equal mass. There are differences between the races. The earth has received its
culture from elite peoples; what we see to days is ultimately the result of the
activity and the achievements of the Aryans. Decisive within each race, however,
are the personalities it is able to produce. Personalities have created the
shape of mankind and not democratic majorities.
G.L.Weinberg (ed.), Hitlers Zweites buch. Ein Dokument aus dem Jahr 1928,
Stuttgart, 1961, p.60
The international market is not unlimited. The number of industrialised
nations has steadily increased. Almost all European nations suffer from an
inadequate and unsatisfactory relationship between the size of their territory
and their population and are consequently driven to export goods on the world
market. Recently the United States and, in the far East, Japan, have been added
to their number. This in itself has triggered a struggle for limited markets
which will become commensurately tougher as the number of industrialised nations
increases and, as a corollary, the available markets become more restricted. For
whilst on the one hand, the number of nations fighting for a share of the world
market increases, the market itself gradually shrinks, partly as a result of
indigenous industrialisation, partly through a network of subsidiary enterprises
which are increasingly established in such countries purely to serve capitalist
interests.
G.L.Weinberg (ed.), Hitlers Zweites buch. Ein Dokument aus dem Jahr 1928,
Stuttgart, 1961, p.69
The task which therefore falls to all really great legislators and statesmen
is not so much to prepare for war in a narrow sense, but rather to educate and
train thoroughly a people so that to all reasonable intents and purposes its
future appears inherently assured. In this way even wars lose their character as
isolated, more or less violent surprises, instead becoming part of a natural,
indeed self-evident pattern of thorough, well-secured, sustained national
development.
14)In my first draft I said a bit about Haldane's dilemma
here, but now I have finished by 'whats wrong with the theory of evolution,'
file, I simply refer you to that.
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